Ukrainian sources indicate that the Russian military has introduced a new unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) named ‘Gerbera’. This drone, constructed from foam and equipped with a camera, does not carry a warhead but is notable for its inclusion of a Ukrainian SIM card. Observations reported by BulgarianMilitary.com place the drone near Kyiv as of the 26th of the previous month, and it has been dubbed the “little sister of Geran-2 [Shahed]”.
Military analysts speculate that the Gerbera is intended primarily as a decoy to mislead Ukrainian air defenses. Although it lacks a conventional warhead, there is speculation about the potential presence of a mini-warhead. Its integrated camera, paired with the Ukrainian SIM card, facilitates real-time transmission of footage back to Russian forces, potentially aiding in the identification of anti-aircraft systems such as the Patriot. By drawing fire from these systems, the Gerbera assists in locating enemy positions and depleting their munitions.
In terms of design, the Gerbera shares many features with the Iranian Shahed 136 drone and its Russian variant, the Geran-2. The drone’s delta-wing configuration improves flight stability and aerodynamics, and its front-mounted camera is a notable design element. Images circulated on Telegram suggest that the Gerbera is launched from a mini-ground launcher, though details on its operational range remain undisclosed.
The drone’s foam components, which are cut using hot-wire techniques, indicate a focus on rapid, cost-effective production. UK-based drone expert Steve Wright has noted the simplicity of the Gerbera’s construction, including the oil-treated control surfaces on its wings that enhance maneuverability. Despite its rudimentary design, the Gerbera’s low cost and potential long range imply it could be used extensively in the conflict. Wright characterizes the Gerbera as a refined yet unremarkable UAV, designed for mass production at minimal expense. Despite its simplicity, such drones could pose a considerable threat to Ukrainian defenses.
Regarding Ukraine’s air defense capabilities, the country has been equipped with several advanced systems. The Patriot missile defense system, supplied by the United States, is engineered to detect, track, and neutralize ballistic and cruise missiles, as well as advanced aircraft, thereby providing a robust shield against aerial threats.
Additionally, the NASAMS (National Advanced Surface-to-Air Missile System), developed by Norway’s Kongsberg Defence & Aerospace and Raytheon Technologies, is highly effective against a range of aerial threats, including drones, helicopters, and fixed-wing aircraft. The IRIS-T SLM (Surface-Launched Medium Range) system from Germany, adapted from the IRIS-T air-to-air missile, provides medium-range interception capabilities against missiles, aircraft, and drones.
Furthermore, Ukraine has received Stinger man-portable air-defense systems (MANPADS) from the United States and NATO allies. These shoulder-fired missiles are particularly effective against low-flying aircraft and helicopters. The S-300 air defense systems, originally Soviet-designed long-range surface-to-air missile systems, remain capable of targeting aircraft, cruise missiles, and ballistic missiles.
